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The spear or lance together with the sword, the seax and the shield was the main equipment of the Germanic warriors during the Migration Period and the Early Middle Ages. ==Terminology== The pre-migration term reported by Tacitus is ''framea'', who identifies it as "hasta"; The native term for "javelin, spear" was Old High German ''gêr'', Old English ''gâr'', Old Norse ''geirr'', apparently from proto-Germanic '' *gaizaz''. The names Genseric, Radagaisus indicate Gothic ''gaisu'' besides ''gairu''. Latin ''gaesum'', ''gaesus'', Greek was the term for the lance of the Gauls. The Avestan language has ''gaêçu'' "lance bearer" as a likely cognate. The Celtic word is found e.g. in the name of the Gaesatae. Old Irish has ''gae'' "spear". Proto-Germanic '' *gaizaz'' would derive from proto-Indo-European language '' *ghaisos'', although loan from Celtic has also been considered, in which case the PIE form would be '' *gaisos''. The ''Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch'' has '' *g'haisos'' (with a palatal velar aspirate), discounting the Avestan form in favour of (tentatively) comparing Sanskrit ' "projectile". The form ''gaois'' is read in an early Runic inscriptions on the so-called Mos spearhead, dated to the 3rd century, found in Stenkyrka, Gotland.〔"The oldest known runic inscription from Sweden is found on a spearhead, recovered from a grave at Mos in the parish of Stenkyrka in Gotland. The inscription, consisting of only five runes, might be dated to the end of the third century of our era." Sven Birger Fredrik Jansson, ''The runes of Sweden'', Bedminster Press, 1962, pp. iii-iv.〕 The etymon of English ''spear'', from Germanic '' *speri'' (Old English ''spere'', Old Frisian ''sper'', Old High German ''sper'', Old Norse ''spjör''),〔(spear ) at etymonline.com〕 in origin also denoted a throwing spear or lance (''hasta''). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Migration Period spear」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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